Bone apposition and surface treatment in dental implants
Bone apposition and surface treatment in dental implants: histomorphometric pilot evaluation in rabbits
Marcos Nunes Lourenço
Elisa Mattias Sartori
Luis Eduardo Marques Padovan
Geninho Thomé
Rafael Silveira Faeda
Elcio Marcantonio Jr.
Marcela Claudino
Abstract
Introduction: The surface of dental implants in an important factor for osseointegration process and different methods of surface treatment have been described. Objective: To investigate the bone apposition in implant surface treated with sandblasting and acid-etching. Material and methods: Ten rabbits were selected and received one implant treated with method I in the left tibia and one implant treated with method in two groups, according to methods of sandblasting and acid-etching (method I and method II). After 7, 14, 30, 45 and 60 days, tibias were retrieved and submitted to histotechnical procedures. The percentages of bone-implant contact (BIC) and bone area between threads (BABT) were determined throughout histomorphometric analysis and bone apposition was detected in implants of both groups. Results: In BABT measurements, an increase was observed after 45 and 60 days in the method II, compared to method I and no differences were found after 7, 14 and 30 days. In BIC measurements, an increase was detected with method II at 45 days when compared to method I. No differences between groups in BIC values were observed after 7, 14, 30 and 60 days. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that implants treated with the method II presented increase in the contact between bone and implant after 45 days compared to method I. Moreover, with concern to bone area between threads, it was observed an increased in the method II after 45 and 60 days. However, both groups can be successfully used as a therapeutic strategy to rehabilitation of edentulous patients. Then, further experiments are needed to evaluate, in depth, the putative differential role of each surface treatment.
Introduction
Dental implants have been considered a save and predictable treatment for replacing missing teeth to restore function in partially or completely edentulous patients. However, the success of this treatment is associated to osseointegration, which is defined as a direct connection between living bone and the surface of implant without interposed soft tissue. It is an anchorage mechanism whereby synthetic components can be incorporated into living bone, persisting under all normal conditions of loading. Therefore, osseointegration process is strictly related to bone metabolism [1, 5, 8, 24]. Different types of cells participate in the bone metabolism, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes. Osteoblasts are specialized cells that reside in the bone surface and are responsible for the synsthesis of the bone extracellular matrix and influence bone mineralization while osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption [32]. In this way, bone is resorbed and replaced in a physiological process characterized as… Continue lendo